Volume 30, Issue 170, April 2026

Advances in Neovascular Age- Related Macular Degeneration: Emerging Therapies and Future Treatment Directions

Martyna Wojnowska^1♦, Maja Kondratowicz², Kamila Kałamarz³, Kinga Żmuda⁴, Maciej Świerczyna⁵, Maja Czerniachowska⁶, Marcin Kaniewski², Aleksandra Figzał³, Wiktoria Polkowska⁷, Michał Grabek³

¹Mikolaj Pirogov Provincial Specialist Hospital, Wólczańska 191/195, 90-001 Łódź, Poland
²The Independent Public Hospital No. 4, Doktora Kazimierza Jaczewskiego 8, Lublin, Poland
³Karol Marcinkowski University Hospital, Zyty 26, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
⁴University Clinical Hospital of Opole al.W.Witosa 26 45-401 Opole , Poland
⁵Ministry of the Interior and Administration Hospital, Północna 42, 91-425 Łódź, Poland
⁶Medical University of Łódź, al. Kościuszki 4, 90-419 Łódź, Poland
⁷Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, Pomorska 251, 90-213 Łódź, Poland

^♦Corresponding author
Martyna Wojnowska. Mikolaj Pirogov Provincial Specialist Hospital, Wólczańska 191/195, 90-001 Łódź, Poland

ABSTRACT

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), is a major cause of permanent blindness in older people. It's the most severe form of age-related macular degeneration. In the past, treatment with anti-VEGF medications like ranibizumab, aflibercept, and brolucizumab has made a big difference, but there's still a lot of room for improvement. The problem is that injections are needed fairly often, results don't last long enough, and some people just don't respond at all. This review is a comprehensive look at the latest treatments for nAMD, focusing on how they work, how well they work, and whether they might make it easier for people to get the treatment they need. Emerging therapies, such as faricimab, are demonstrating considerable promise. Clinical trials indicate that these new agents can achieve efficacy comparable to current standard treatments, while potentially reducing the frequency of injections required.

Keywords: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration, anti-VEGF therapy, faricimab, ranibizumab, gene therapy

Medical Science, 2026, 30, e74ms3835

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Published: 18 April 2026